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Capricornia Cays National Park

Park alerts and park summary

Getting there and getting around

The Capricorn and Bunker groups are a distinct group of 22 reefs straddling the Tropic of Capricorn, at the Great Barrier Reef’s southern end. There are 16 coral islands, known as cays, on these reefs. The Capricornia Cays National Park protects eight vegetated coral cays — Lady Musgrave, North West, Masthead, Wilson, Heron, Erskine and Tryon islands, and part of Heron Island. Camping is permitted on North West, Masthead and Lady Musgrave islands only.

A further six cays form Capricornia Cays National Park (Scientific). These are Wreck, One Tree, East Hoskyn, West Hoskyn, East Fairfax and West Fairfax islands. There is no public access to these cays.

Typically the islands rise only a few metres above high water mark, except North West Island, which rises to six metres at its eastern end. You can walk around North West and Masthead islands in a few hours, and Lady Musgrave in about 45 minutes, but seasonal closures to protect breeding seabirds or high tides can restrict circuit walks.

The islands are accessible only by boat. Gladstone, Bundaberg and the Town of 1770 are the closest departure points and it is possible to access the islands by private and charter vessels. Tides, group size, equipment and cost are factors determining the type of vessel required.

North West and Masthead islands have restricted tidal access. Generally, barges drop campers and their gear on these beaches at high tide. Masthead Island, although seemingly remote, has high speed catamarans and helicopter flights operating close by, ferrying resort guests between Gladstone and Heron Island.

See tourism information links for more information on charter vessels servicing the islands.

Wheelchair accessibility

There are no wheelchair-accessible facilities on Capricornia Cays National Park.

Park features

Capricornia Cays National Park’s eight islands are part of the Great Barrier Reef World Heritage Area. Their biological diversity, exceptional beauty and endangered plants and animals are internationally significant.

The stunning white beaches and outstanding coral reefs of these small, relatively untouched cays make them popular destinations. This national park offers a variety of recreation opportunities ranging from commercial resort relaxation to nature-based camping and day visit enjoyment. Unlike rocky continental islands, the Capricornia Cays were completely built by corals.

Rich forests of Pisonia grandis, which are typically only found on coral cays, dominate the island vegetation. A fringe of tough, small trees and shrubs such as coastal she-oak, octopus bush, native grasses and pandanus surround the cays’ pisonia forests. On North West Island, strangling figs and native elms are scattered through the forest, and native mulberries, sandpaper figs and lantern bushes grow in small clearings.

Camping and accommodation

Camping

Camping is permitted on three islands in the Capricornia Cays National Park. You will need to purchase a camping permit in advance. Bookings can be made up to 11 months in advance and fees apply. School holiday periods are often fully booked soon after bookings open.

Before you leave

An information pack must be collected prior to camping on the islands. Camping tags are provided in the pack and must be displayed on your tents showing your booking number. Obtain your information pack by phoning EPA Gladstone or pick one up from the various charter vessels servicing the islands.

You must be self-sufficient during your stay, so keep this in mind as you prepare for your visit. See essentials to bring for further information and remember to observe minimum impact guidelines while on the islands.

On arrival

Camp in designated areas only. Beach camping is not permitted. When selecting a site and setting up camp, consider others who may follow you. Do not spread your group too far — keep together and let other campers use sites as well.

Lady Musgrave Island

Lady Musgrave is the southern-most island in the Capricorn Cays National Park, and lies just south of the Tropic of Capricorn. The island is only 14ha in size but is surrounded by 1192ha of reef, with about a third of that area reef lagoon. Lady Musgrave Island is ideal for inexperienced snorkellers. Many yachts anchor in the lagoon on the first leg of a northern passage through the Great Barrier Reef. Campsites on Lady Musgrave Island are sheltered by pisonia and fringing beach vegetation.

Up to 40 people can camp on Lady Musgrave Island at any one time. Camping is permitted from the start of the Easter school holidays until the end of the summer school holidays in January.

If using a commercial launch to get to Lady Musgrave, the company you travel with will generally drop you off on the island’s eastern end. The camping area is a further 400 metres along the walking track through the forest.

Composting toilets, an information shelter, emergency radio, navigation tower, anchorage, ferry service, fuel storage and compressor bunker are provided on Lady Musgrave Island.

Dive compressors may only be used between 9am and 6pm. All fuel must be kept in the storage areas provided. Generators are not permitted.

Masthead Island

This 45ha island lies almost 60km north-east of Gladstone. The island is an internationally important rookery for green and loggerhead turtles, which breed on the island during spring and summer. Because human and feral animal impacts have been rare, this island is one of the most undisturbed cays in Capricornia Cays National Park.

Camping on the island is only permitted from the start of the Easter school holidays to 15 October each year to protect the island’s wildlife and vegetation. See viewing wildlife for more information.

Up to 50 people can camp on Masthead Island at any one time. The camping area in the north-west corner is protected from most winds. No facilities are provided. Dig a toilet pit about one metre deep for use during your stay. Ensure it is away from the beach, turtle nests and nesting shearwaters.

Dive compressors, 240-volt power sources, leads and generators are not permitted on Masthead Island.

North West Island

At 105ha, North West Island is the second largest coral cay in the Great Barrier Reef. It lies 75km north-north-east of Gladstone and is an elongated platform reef with a lagoon almost completely filled with sand. Camping is permitted from the start of the Easter school holidays until the end of the summer school holidays in January.

Up to 150 people can camp on North West Island at any one time.

Composting toilets, information displays, fuel storage and a compressor bunker are provided. Dive compressors may only be used between 9am and 6pm. 240-volt power sources, leads and generators are not permitted. All fuel must be kept in the storage areas provided.

Other accommodation

Heron Island provides resort accommodation and there is a wide range of accommodation available in Gladstone, Bundaberg and the Town of 1770, from which tours and charter boats depart. See tourism information links for more information. Ask the charter operators how they can assist with your camping.

Things to do

Walking

Short walking tracks on North West and Lady Musgrave islands cross the islands and walkers can return along the beaches. Take drinking water and wear a hat and sunscreen. Wear shoes when walking on the coral rubble beaches and tracks.

Reef walking

You can walk with care on the reefs surrounding all the Capricornia Cays. Please observe the following guidelines to minimise damage to corals and other animals.

Snorkelling and diving

Lady Musgrave Island’s lagoon is ideal for beginner snorkellers and divers as the surrounding ring of reef provides a barrier against outside currents. Patch reefs and bommies adorned with corals rise vertically from the lagoon’s sandy floor, providing shelter for fascinating reef creatures. You will discover more delicate and luxuriant coral forms in this well-protected area. Snorkelling is rewarding for those prepared to swim toward the reef edge.

Scuba divers have greater opportunities to explore bommies, crevices and caves along reef perimeters and slopes. Divers and snorkellers should wear diving boots to protect their feet, as they might have to walk across coral rubble to the water. A boat is the only safe way to reach distant snorkelling and diving sites.

Beware of strong currents and changing tidal conditions. Although Lady Musgrave Island’s lagoon provides protected water for snorkelling you must stay clear of access channels to the island, and be wary of boats. Never dive or snorkel alone.

Guided tours and talks

A commercial operator offers guided tours to Lady Musgrave Island. The resort on Heron Island also offers guided tours for guests. See tourism information links for further information.

Picnic and day use areas

Have a picnic on North West and Lady Musgrave islands all year, or at Masthead or Erskine islands from the start of the Easter school holidays until 15 October. Remember to pack a picnic blanket, as there are no picnic tables on these islands.

Boating and fishing

Boating and fishing among the Capricornia Cays and adjoining reefs are popular activities, however please follow the guidelines below.

When boating

When fishing

Viewing wildlife

Turtle watching

The islands and surrounding reef provide valuable feeding and nesting sites for marine turtles. Four species are found within this area — green and loggerhead turtles are commonly seen, while flatback and hawksbill turtles are only rarely seen.

Capricornia Cays and the adjacent Bundaberg coast support the largest breeding population of endangered loggerhead turtles in the South Pacific region. North West, West Hoskyn and Wreck islands are important nesting sites for green turtles. The annual nesting population is highly variable and influenced by climatic conditions in the previous year or earlier.

Marine turtles take 30-50 years to prepare for their first breeding migration. From late October to February, females return to the general area of their birthplace to nest.

Loggerhead and green turtles lay about 125 eggs — each the size of a ping pong ball — in a clutch. Each nesting season they lay several clutches at about two-week intervals. Depending on the species, turtles only nest every 2-7 years.

Eggs are incubated in the sand with hatchling sex determined by incubation time and sand temperature. Hatchlings emerge 7-12 weeks later, generally from December to late April.

In spring and summer, turtle mating and breeding activity means turtles are on the reef flat at high tide and are generally slow to react. Please slow down when operating vessels on the reef flat and take care not to come in contact with turtles.

Take care of sea turtles

Bright lights and noises can disturb nesting turtles and hatchlings. If disturbed, female turtles are likely to return to sea without laying their eggs. Please follow these simple guidelines to avoid disturbing them.

Birdwatching

Birds are plentiful on all the cays, particularly between October and April when many thousands of seabirds migrate here to nest. Black noddies, wedge-tailed shearwaters and some of the resident island birds are quite tolerant of walkers but others are easily disturbed.

Seventy per cent of the total breeding population of wedge-tailed shearwaters on the east coast of Australia nest on North West Island. Hundreds of thousands of these birds and black noddies arrive in October. Shearwaters nest in burrows, leaving at dawn to feed at sea and returning at dusk. Their mournful howling call at night is hard to miss, and some campers find it disturbing. Noddies nest throughout the islands’ pisonia trees, including those in campgrounds. Camping is summer provides constant close encounters with shearwaters and noddies. This can be a wonderful experience for many campers.

Most noddies and adult shearwaters leave in April. The fledgling shearwaters remain in their burrows for another six weeks before they also fly off. White-bellied sea-eagles breed during the winter months but nest sites are now restricted to six islands including North West.

While bridled terns prefer the cover of fringe vegetation, more timid black-naped and roseate terns nest on exposed rubble beaches and in rocky crevices. Their nests are camouflaged and easily disturbed. Always try to avoid them. During nesting season walk at the water’s edge unless signs tell you otherwise.

Sea-eagles, boobies, egrets, oystercatchers, silver gulls and migrant waders including ruddy turnstones, whimbrels, Mongolian plovers and bar-tailed godwits are among many species feeding and roosting on the reef flat and island beaches.

A variety of land-dwelling birds are permanent island residents. Silvereyes and buff-banded rails are familiar with our presence.

Take care of nesting seabirds

Whale watching

During migration, whales congregate in key breeding areas, which makes them susceptible to disruption and interference. Minimum approach distances regulate people, vessels, fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters to prevent disrupting whales while they are at their most vulnerable. See whale watching guidelines for further information.

Take care when whale watching

Everyone can enjoy these special marine creatures by following these simple guidelines.

Please remember, some Capricornia Cay islands are closed at certain times of the year to protect them and their visiting wildlife. See opening hours for further information.

Things to know before you go

Essentials to bring

You will need to be self-sufficient during your stay but only take what you need. When packing, minimise bulk, weight and packaging for easy transport and to reduce rubbish. Consider your camping gear carefully and remember that dehydrated food saves weight and space. Be aware that your vessel may drop you off a considerable distance from your campsite.

Pack essential items such as:

Avoid exotic introductions

When packing, check your camping equipment and supplies are not contaminated with soil, ants, insects, rats, mice or plant seeds. Non-native introductions will permanently alter cay ecology and could impact on future camping or visiting opportunities.

Opening hours

Seasonal closures help protect the islands. Turtle hatchlings, nesting seabirds and the islands’ vegetation are particularly susceptible to disturbances. Further temporary closures may apply in case of cyclones, nature conservation and park management activities.

North West and Lady Musgrave islands: Open all year round to day visitors. Camping is not permitted from the end of the summer school holidays in January until commencement of the Easter school holidays.

Heron and Wilson islands: Both islands have resort accommodation available and are open all year round. See tourism information links for more information.

Masthead Island and Erskine islands: Open from Easter until 15 October.

Permits and fees

Each group of campers must obtain a national park camping permit. Fees must be paid to reserve a place. School and public holidays are usually busy, so it is wise to book ahead or try to avoid these periods. Bookings can be made up to 11 months in advance. When booking, please provide your full contact details, including your mailing address and telephone number.

An information pack must be collected prior to camping on the islands. Camping tags are provided in the pack and must be displayed on your tents showing your booking number. Obtain one by phoning EPA Gladstone or pick one up from the various charter vessels servicing the islands.

Pets

Domestic animals are not permitted in Capricornia Cays National Park.

Climate and weather

Pleasant conditions continue throughout the year with hotter, humid days (26-30 degrees Celsius) from October to January. Balmy nights follow afternoons cooled by strong, north-easterly sea breezes.

January to April is the wet season though a shower may fall in any month. Cyclones are more likely between November and March.

April to September daytime temperatures are mild to warm (21-26 degrees Celsius) with cool nights (16-22 degrees Celsius), particularly when prevailing south-easterly winds blow. Water temperatures in the reef flat vary from 20 degrees in July to 27 degrees in January.

Tides

Access and many activities depend on tide times and heights. The islands’ average tidal range is about two metres. Extreme low tides are most suitable for exploring the reef. Water visibility for snorkelling and diving activities depends on weather and tides. The best conditions are during periods of small tides and calm seas.

See tourism information links for more information.

Fuel and supplies

The islands in Capricornia Cays National Park are remote and you need to be self-sufficient. The nearest supplies are available in Gladstone, Bundaberg or the Town of 1770. For more information see the tourism information links below.

Staying safe

WARNING! Coral cays are remote. Strong winds, rough seas and cyclones can isolate campers. To enjoy a safe visit, follow these simple steps. In the event of a cyclone, campers will be evacuated. See evacuation procedures for details.

Be prepared for emergencies

A marine VHF radio is preferred to mobile phones, which may not have reception on the cays. In emergencies the following channels can be contacted:

Lady Musgrave

North West and Masthead

Evacuation procedures

Capricornia Cays National Park lies within the Queensland tropical storm (cyclone) zone. The EPA has developed a cyclone contingency plan to provide early warning and possible evacuation of campers should a cyclone be approaching.

It is important that all members of your group understand and accept the consequences associated with camping at this time of year.

While on the island please:

Looking after the park

Although EPA officers visit the cays during regular marine park patrols, no rangers live on site. For this reason, campers are an important source of information for cay management. Promote minimal impact camping by following these guidelines and discussing them with other campers and friends. You can play a part in preserving the cays for future generations to enjoy by following the guidelines below.

Park management

Feedback about camping areas and facilities, information needs, wildlife (particularly ground-nesting terns), minimal impact techniques, breaches of zoning or national park regulations, behaviour of other camp groups, or any other issue is very useful. If you have any feedback, please phone or write to the District Manager at the EPA Gladstone office on your return.

A Capricornia Cays National Park and Capricornia Cays National Park (Scientific) management plan guides the management of these parks.

Tourism information links

Charter boat operators

Vessels travelling to Lady Musgrave Island

Lady Musgrave Cruises

Vessels travelling to North West and Masthead

Curtis Endeavour
Robert Poulson

Parking

Security parking for North West or Masthead Island visitors

O’Connell Wharf
  • supervised car park in Gladstone, speak to Geoff on
  • ph (07) 4972 6666
Marina Bait & Tackle
  • Gladstone
  • ph (07) 4972 7283

General tourism information

Gladstone Visitor Information Centre

For tourism information for all regions in Queensland see www.queenslandholidays.com.au.

Further information

EPA Customer Service Centre
  • 160 Ann Street, Brisbane
  • PO Box 15155, City East QLD 4002
  • ph 1300 130 372
  • fax (07) 3227 8749
  • email info@epa.qld.gov.au
  • Open 8.30am–5pm Monday–Friday, except public holidays and Christmas to New Year
EPA Gladstone
  • Floor 3, Centrepoint Building
  • 136 Goondoon Street
  • PO Box 5065, Gladstone QLD 4860
  • ph (07) 4971 6500
  • fax (07) 4972 1993
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority
Queensland Boating & Fisheries Patrol
VMR 446 Gladstone Marine Rescue
  • The Esplanade,Gladstone QLD 4680
  • ph (07) 4972 3333
  • Marine VHF channel 82
VMR 477 Volunteer Marine Rescue Round Hill Inc
  • Lot 28 Tupia Street, Round Hill Qld 4677
  • ph (07) 4974 7477
  • Marine VHF channel 81

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Last updated: 15 December 2008